Happy B'day to me!

[Keith Heitmann]

Yep, another year older.

Here's a history of interesting historical events that have occurred on November 9.

November 9th, according to the Pagan Daybook, is the Feast Day of Quatuor Coronati, the Four Crowned Martyrs, an ancient and mysterious celebration recognised both by Freemasons and the Roman Catholic Church (see also Quattro Coronati). It's origins date back to at least the Fourth Century and quite possibly even earlier.

302 November 9 According to Masonic tradition, four mysterious men, now known as the Quatuor Coronati, are said to have been executed in Pannonia, an area of present day Austria southwest of the Danube River. Masonic legends describe the Quatuor Coronati, as four stonemasons, thus the Masonic connection. (Ars Quatuor Coronati, Quatuor Coronati Lodge No. 2076, London)

305 November 8/9 According to the Roman Catholic Church, four unknown men are executed during the reign of the Roman emperor Diocletian. Their identities, the reasons for their executions, and even the place of their deaths remain a mystery. The Roman Church later claimed that they were four (possibly five) talented sculptors in the quarries of Pannonia who in 305 had refused to carve a stone image of the Roman god Aesculapius for a pagan temple. For this they were condemned to death as Christians, put into leaden caskets and drowned in the River Save. Later another legend sprang up in Rome, according to which four Christian soldiers (cornicularii) suffered martydom at Rome in 307, two years after the deaths of the sculptors in Pannonia. Their offense was refusing to offer sacrifice to Aesculapius. Both stories lack historical foundation and are merely tentative explanations of the name Quatuor Coronati, a name given to a group of really authenticated martyrs who were buried in the catatomb of Sts. Peter and Marcellinus, the real origin of which, however, is unknown. (The Catholic Encyclopedia)

400 The craft of operative masonry adopts the Quatuor Coronati as their patron saints.

595 Pope Leo IV orders the relics of the Quatuor coronati (some 850) from Pannonia and those from Via Albano brought to the basillica of Quatuor Coronati on the Calien Hill in Rome. (See November 9)

694 November 9 Spanish King Egica accuses Jews of aiding the Moslems and sentences them to slavery.

959 November 9 Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus (913-959), dies.

1068 November 9 Agnes of Poitou, Duchess of Aquitania and mother of German Empress, dies.

1382 November 9 The Cambridge Yiddish Codex, the earliest extensive manuscript written in Yiddish, is explicitly dated November 9, 1382. It excites the interest of Germanicists for its version of "Dukus Horant" ( a poem from the Hildesage of the Kudrun [Gundrun] epic known from the Ambras manuscript copied by Hans Ried, 1502/04-16), which antedates the earliest extant manuscript of the Hildesage by at least 130 years. The documentary history of Yiddish is unbroken thereafter to the present day. (Encyclopaedia Britannica)

Note: Yiddish had its beginnings in the 10th century when Jews from northern France and northern Italy settled in the Rhineland. These early Jewish settlements were dislocated by the Crusades and later by the persecutions that followed the "Black Death." The subsequent move to Slavic territory had enormous influence on the development of the language. (Encyclopaedia Britannica)
1414 November 9 Albrecht III Achilles, elector of Brandenburg, is born.

1459 The Constitution of the Masons of Strasburg is signed. These Statutes, which undoubtedly were based on the ancient customs and laws of the craft, were discussed and agreed on at two assemblies of Masters and Fellows, held in the manner of a chapter, ("in Kappitelsweise,") the first at Regensburg on Easter-day 1459, and the second shortly afterwards at Strasburg, when they were definitively adopted and promulgated. The Quatuor Coronati, (the holy four crowned martyrs) are mentioned in both the opening and closing of the document. In conclusion the brothers vow that they and their successors will observe the holy day of Quatuor Coronati each year henceforth. See November 9th. (Constitutions of the Masons of Strasburg)

Note: The spirit of the German Imperial Constitution is plainly to be seen in all its features. The expression "in Kappitelsweise," which is used by no other guild, is derived from the convent meeting of the Benedictine monks, which were termed "Capitula" or Chapters. Thus also, in the Old English Constitutions, and in the Act of Parliament of Henry VI., we find the meeting of the Masons termed "Chapters, Congregations, Assemblies, and Chambers." All the precepts of these statutes, which were kept secret from the profane, were read at least once a year in the Lodges.
1464 April 9 "It was determined upon the day at Spires, on the ninth day of April, in the year, counting from God's birth, 1464 that the workmaster, JOST DOTZINGER, of Worms, workmaster of the high chapter at Strasburg, shall have an assembly of craftsmen in his district, when three or four masters shall be taken and chosen, to come together on a certain day, as they may agree, and what is there determined on by a majority of those who are so congregated in chapters, and who are then present, and how they may decrease or increase some articles, that shall be kept throughout the whole fraternity." See November 9th. (Constitutions of the Masons of Strasburg)

[Keith Heitmann]

1466 Johann Mentel prints the first German bible at Strasbourg (Strasburg). (Timetables)

1483 November 9/10 Martin Luther is born at Eisleben, Saxony. In 1517, he will split the Christian world by calling for a number of church reforms including abolition of the Roman Catholic practice of selling "indulgences."

1492 November 9 The Peace of Etaples (Henry VII & Charles VIII) is signed.

1494 November 9 The de' Medici Famuly become the rulers of Florence.

1520 November 9 Swedish King Christian II executes more than 600 nobles.

1522 November 9 Martin Chemnitz is born at Treuenbrietzen, Germany. A leading Protestant theologian, Chemnitz, did much to unify the Protestants in the early Lutheran church.

1526 November 9 Jews are expelled from Pressburg Hungary by Maria von Hapsburg.

1541 November 9 Queen Catharine Howard is confined in the London Tower.

1569 November 9 Catholic uprising in England is led by Northumberland and Westmoreland.

1580 November 9 Spanish troops lands in Ireland.

1641 November 9 Ferdinand of Austria, Cardinal of Spain, dies at age 32.

1673 November 9 British King Charles II fires the Earl of Shaftesbury.

1681 November 9 Hungarian parliament promises protestants freedom of religion.

1717 June 24 English Freemasons publicly reveal themselves for the first time. Four previously secret lodges of Freemasons in London, meeting at the Apple-Tree Tavern in Convent Garden, declare that they are banding together to form an official association to be called a "Grand Lodge." The Grand Lodge of London was officially instituted and a Grand Master and other officers were elected. The four London lodges, simply by revealing themselves and the existence of their order, had violated their sacred oaths of secrecy and unilaterally decided secrecy was no longer necessary, or even desirable.

Note: Prior to 1717 the Masonic Order was a true secret society; not just an organization with secret signs and secret handgrips, but a widespread society whose very existence was a secret. No Masonic historian claims to fully understand why that secrecy existed, or even why the group existed. Soon after Masonry finally revealed itself, it became clear there were secret lodges all over England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales. But apparently, no where else. (Born in Blood: The Lost Secrets of Freemasonry, John J. Robinson, 1989)

[Keith Heitmann]

1717 November 9 The Grand Lodge of London holds the first divine service of Quatuor Coronati since making its existence public in June.

1720 November 9 Rabbi Yehuda Hasid synagogue is set afire.

1729 November 9 Spain, France and England sign the Treaty of Seville.

1751 November 9 In London, the date of Lord Mayor's Day and the famous Lord Mayor's Show is changed from October 28 (Feast day of St. Simon and St. Jude) to November 9 (Feast day of Quatuor Coronati). Lord Mayor's Day continued to be celebrated on November 9th each year until 1959 when the celebration date was officially changed to the second saturday in November.

1794 November 9 Russian troops occupy Warsaw.

1799 November 9 (18 Brumaire) Napoleon takes power in France as First Consul of a new Triumverate. He quickly proclaims the end of the French Revolution and eventually seizes total power. Many claimed his rise was engineered by a widespread Masonic conspiracy.

1848 November 9 Robert Blum, German Liberal MP, is executed.

1853 November 9 Origin of Carrington rotation numbers for rotation of the Sun.

1854 November 9 Composer Franz Liszt premieres his "Fest-Long."

1857 November 9 Atlantic Monthly magazine is first published.

1862 November 9 General U.S. Grant issues orders to bar Jews from serving under him.

1864 November 9 General Sherman issues preliminary plans for his infamous "March to the Sea."

1872 November 9 Fire destroys nearly 1,000 buildings in Boston.

1874 November 9 Israel Bak, creator of the first Hebrew printing press, dies.

1875 November 9 Baron Rudolf Sebottendorff, founder of the Thule Society in Munich, is born in the Saxon market town of Hoyerswerda, north of Dresden.

1876 November 9 Death of Friedrich Wilhelm Ritschl in Leipzig, Germany. Ritschl was a classicist specializing in the works of Plautus. He served as a professor at the universities of Halle, Breslau, Bonn and Leipzig. It was at Bonn that he worked with a promising freshman, Friedrich Nietzsche. When Ritschl moved to the University of Leipzig in 1865 Nietzsche followed him and ultimately received his doctorate from Leipzig under the tutelage of Ritschl. It was Ritschl who recommended Nietzsche for his position at the University of Basel. Later after the attacks on Nietzsche's first book, Die Geburt der Tragödie, Ritschl distanced himself from his student.

1885 November 9 Birth of Hermann Weyl in Elmshorn, Germany. Weyl was a mathematician who developed contacts between pure mathematics and theoretical physics. He made significant contributions to quantum mechanics and the theory of relativity. His book, Raum, Zeit, Materie (1918) presents his work on relativity. He had only had his appointment at the University of Göttingen for two years when the Nazis came to power and he wisely accepted an offer from the Institute of Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey.

1886 November 9 - Quatuor Coronati Lodge No. 2076 which had been issued a warrant by the United Grand Lodge of England on November 28, 1884, and consecrated on January 21, 1886, celebrates the feast day of Quatuor Coronati. According to its official history, Quatuor Coronati lodge was founded by a group of nine Freemasons: Colonel Sir Charles Warren (later general and London Commissioner of Police during the Jack the Ripper murders), W. Harry Rylands, Robert Gould, the Reverend Adolfus F.A. Woodford, Sir Walter Besant, John P. Rylands, Major Sisson C. Pratt, William James Hugan and George W. Speth. All were scholars and several were highly distinguished in the field of Masonic study.

1888 November 9 Jean Monnet, French economist / EG-pioneer / chairman (EGKS) is born.

1888 November 9 Jack the Ripper's 5th and last known victim, Mary Jane Kelly, is found. Many suspected a Freemason because of the coincidence of the date and the method of the murders.

1899 November 9 Boerenaanval up Ladysmith, Natal, attack.

1904 November 9 First airplane flight to last more than 5 minutes.

1906 November 9 German rocket engineer Arthur Rudolph is born.

1907 November 9 Birth of Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia.

1907 November 9 Baron Claus von Stauffenberg is born at his family's estate. In July 1944 he will personally attempt to assassinate Adolf Hitler and put an end to the Nazi regime.

1915 November 9 Italian liner Ancona sunk by German torpedos killing 272.

1917 November 9 Lenin (Vladimir Llyich Ulyanov) officially forms the world's first Communist government in St. Petersburg, Russia, and soon afterwards asks Germany for an armistice. (Compton's Encyclopedia)

1918 November 9 After losing the support of his generals, Kaiser Wilhelm II is forced to abdicate and the Second Reich collapses. Chancellor Prince Max von Baden quickly turns over the German government to Frederich Ebert who later that same day officially proclaims the formation of a new German Socialist Republic at the Reichstag in Berlin.

1918 November 9 Bavaria proclaims itself an idependent republic.

1918 November 9 Adolf Hitler, a 29-year-old messenger from the Western Front temporarily blinded in a mustard gas attack, hears the news of the Kaiser's abdication and suffers a relapse of blindness. In his book Mein Kampf, Hitler claimed that during that same night he experienced what he called a "supernatural vision" and recovered his sight only after vowing to God that he would dedicate his life to politics. (Toland, pgs XIX, 71, 72)

1918 November 9 At an evening meeting of the Thule Society in Munich, Grandmaster Sebottendorff, delivers an empassioned speech to his disillusioned brothers, saying:

"Yesterday we experienced the collapse of everything which was familiar, dear and valuable to us. In the place of our princes of Germanic blood rules our deadly enemy: Judah. What will come of this chaos, we do not know yet. But we can guess. A time will come of struggle, the most bitter need, a time of danger... As long as I hold the iron hammer (a reference to his Master's hammer), I am determined to pledge the Thule to this struggle. Our Order is a Germanic Order, loyalty is also Germanic. Our god is Walvater, his rune is the Ar-rune. And the trinity: Wotan, Wili, We is the unity of the trinity. The Ar-rune signifies "Aryan" primal fire, the sun and the eagle. And the eagle is the symbol of the "Aryans." In order to depict the eagle 's capacity for self immolation by fire, it is colored red. From today on our new symbol is the red eagle, which warns us that we must die in order to live." Sebottendorff continued by exhorting the Thule members to fight "until the swastika rises victoriously out of the icy darkness." He closed with a racist-theosophical poem by Philipp Stauff. (The Occult Roots of Nazism: Secret Aryan Cults and Their Influence on Nazi Ideology, Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke, 1992)

[Keith Heitmann]

1920 September 24 In Munich, Hitler speaks at the German Workers Party's first mass meeting; denouncing what he calls the "November Criminals" and calls for "vengeance for the perjured deed of November 9, 1918."

1921 November 9 "Der 9. November" a novel by Bernhard Kellermann is published in Germany. It is a story of the German insurrection of 1918.

1921 November 9 Partito Nazionalista Fascista (Fascist Party) is formed in Italy by Benito Mussolini among others.

1923 November 9 Hitler and General Ludendorff at the head of a large body of men are caught in a bottleneck as they make a midday march towards the center of Munich during what is called the Munich Putsch. Police open up with volleys of rifle fire and sixteen Nazis are killed. Hitler quickly flees the city and Ludendorff is arrested. The putsch collapses and those killed become Nazi martyrs. The flag they carry that day later becomes known as the "blood flag," and takes on a "sacred" and mystical symbolism. This is a day Hitler will never forget. He claims his main purpose was to squash a plot by Bavarian separatist to secede from Germany.

1924 November 9 At 1pm in Landsberg Prison, Hitler and his comrades hold a brief memorial ceremony in his cell to salute their sixteen fallen compatriots who were shot and killed in Munich the year before on 9 November. (Missing Years)

1925 November 9 Hitler and his comrades gather in Munich to solemnly commemorate the sixteen nazis "martrys" who had died on November 9, 1923. November 9th will serve as an "unofficial" Nazi holiday until 1933, when Hitler officially declares it an annual national holiday.

1925 November 9 German NSDAP officially forms the SS (Schutzstaffel - Protection Squad).

1927 November 9 The Giant Panda is "discovered" in China.

1929 November 9 I.G. Farben and Standard Oil sign a cartel agreement that has two objectives: (1) The cartel agreement granted Standard Oil one-half of all rights to the hydrogenation process (producing gasoline from coal, developed by Farben) in all countries except Germany. (2) Standard and Farben agreed "never to compete with each other in the fields of chemistry and petroleum products. In the future, if Standard Oil wished to enter the broad field of industrial chemicals or drugs, it would do so only as a partner of Farben. Farben in turn, agreed never to enter the field of petroleum except as a joint venture with Standard." (Griffin)

[Keith Heitmann]

1930 November 9 The Gauleiter (regional party leader) of the state of Hesse seeks permission to lay wreaths on this date at the graves of German soldiers killed in WWI and buried in Catholic cemeteries. His request is denied by the Church on the ground that political parties whose ultimate outlook on life conflicts with Church doctrine can not be allowed to hold such ceremonies on Catholic soil. (Lewy)

1932 November 9 Leon Nicole, leader of the Bolsheviks in Switzerland, and his assistant, a Russian Jew named Dicker, instigate an uprising that results in the deaths of 13 people. More than a hundred are injured.

1932 November 9 Nadya Aliluieva, wife of Joseph Stalin, dies at age 30.

1933 November 9 Hitler officially declares November 9th an annual German national holiday. A huge Blutzeuge celebration is held in Munich. At midday, the march from the Bürgerbräukeller over the Ludwig Bridge to the Feldherrnhalle -- which had ended so badly in 1923 -- is reenacted. Hitler and the surviving members of the original march, including the Freikorps fighters (without General Ludendorff) silently trod the same fateful path through the streets of Munich. The Carillon in the city hall played the Horst Wessel Song, when the marching columns reached the Marienplatz. A small bronze memorial honoring the dead of 1923 was unveiled by Hitler after a moving speech. Plans had already been made to make this commemoration ceremony a permanent annual event. (Domarus)

1933 November 9 At 9 PM, Hitler conducts an oath ceremony for 1,000 recruits of the SS Leibenstandarte Adolf Hitler, 100 men of the Stabswache Goering and fifty members of the Stabswache Roehm. This, too, was now to become an annual event. On the evening of every November 9th, SS recruits would gather and, at Hitler's orders, pledge their oath before the memorial to be willing at all times to give their blood and their lives for him. (Domarus)

1934 March The Blutorden (Blood Order) medal is instituted by the Nazi party. Originally named "The Sign of Honor for November 9, 1923" it is awarded only to veterans of the Munich Putsch. Later it will be presented to a very select few for outstanding personal achievement. (Photo at very bottom)

1934 November 8-9 The second annual celebration in memory of the failed putsch of 1923 is held in Munich. The incidents of June 30 (Roehm Purge) cast a dark shadow over the festivities. Hitler gives a speech at the Bürgerbräukeller -- explaining the significance of November 9 to the Nazi Movement -- past, present and future. (Blutzeuge) Speech

1934 November 9 Hitler cancels the "annual" commemorative march to the Feldherrnhalle, but decrees the institution of an "Endowment for the Martrys of the Movement." That night, he speaks to the youngest members of the Party who have now left the ranks of the Hitler Youth and are being sworn in that night. Speech

1935 November 9 The Empire of Japan invades Shanghai China.

1937 November 9 The Japanese army conquers Shanghai.

1938 November 9 Hitler authorizes Goering to deal with all Jewish political affairs. Hitler tells Goering that he is interested in sending German Jews to Madagascar, and that he will make an initiative in the West. (Architect)

1938 November 9-10 Enst vom Rath dies and a massive pogrom, known now as Kristallnacht (the night of glass) is launched against the Jews of Germany. 191 synagogues are set on fire and 76 others are completely destroyed, along with hundreds of Jewish shops and schools. 91 Jews are killed during the night of November 9th alone and 35,000 male Jews are arrested, herded into concentration camps and their property seized. (Atlas)

1939 January 21 Hitler tells Czech foreign minister Chvalkovsy, "We are going to destroy the Jews -- they are not going to get away with what they did on November 9, 1918. The day of reckoning has come."

1939 November 9 Goebbels, on Hitler's instructions, cancels the Day of National Solidarity (Blutzeuge) in Munich after an assasination attempt on Hitler's life the previous day, saying, "In these times, it is too dangerous." (Goebbels)

1939 November 9 Dirk Klop, a Dutch intelligence agent, is shot to death by members of the German Abwehr (Military Intelligence).

1939 November 9 The Venlo-incident: German Abwehr agents kill 2 British agents.

1940 November 9 Sir Neville Chamberlain dies. Rumors within the Nazi Party hint that there was more than mere conincidence behind the fact that he died on "Gedenktag fuer die Gefallenen der Bewegung" (the Day of Remembrance for the Fallen Martyrs of the Nazi Movement) - 9 November.

1940 November 9 Germany troops invade Norway and Denmark.

1940 November 9 According to Goebbel's diary, Hitler's annual speech on the Day of National Solidarity (Blutzeuge) is "directed exclusively on the domestic population and finds little support." (Goebbels)

1942 November 9 Hitler attends Blutzeuge (Day of National Memory) ceremonies in Munich.

1942 November 9 German occupiers install Erik Scavenius as Danish Premier.

1942 November 9 Transport number 44 departs with French Jews to nazi-Germany.

1942 November 9 Allen Dulles arrives in Bern, Switzerland, on the last train from Vichy France, only hours before the Germans occupy southern France and cut the rail link. Ostensibly taking up a post as assistant to the American minister in Bern, Dulles's real job is to organize the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) Mission in Switzerland. He soon begins setting up a professional intelligence outpost on Germany's southern border. (Silence)

[Keith Heitmann]

1943 November 9 The 20th anniversary of the Munich Putsch. Hitler gives a speech at the Lowenbraukeller in Munich, which is recorded for a later radio broadcast. (During the speech Hitler announced that the German people had inflicted such suffering and destruction on the peoples of Europe that they could expect no mercy in case of defeat. If Germany was defeated, he, Adolf Hitler, would not shed a single tear, even if all the cities of Germany were laid waste, and every German man, woman and child put to the sword. The German people would only have themselves to blame. The censors deleted this outburst, but a Turkish press official was there, who later passed it on to British intelligence.) (Architect)

1943 November 9 Bernhard Lichtenberg, German clergyman and antifascist, dies at age 67.

1944 November 9 The Red Cross wins the Nobel peace prize.

1944 November 9 The island of Walcheren is purged of nazi troops after days of intense fighting.

1946 November 9 President Truman ends U.S. wage and price freeze.

1949 November 9 Costa Rica adopts a new, democratic Constitution.

1949 November 9 The East German Parliament in Berlin unanimously passes a law restoring full citizenship rights to ex-Nazis and army officers. From now on any Russian Zone Nazi - unless he has been convicted of war crimes - can vote, hold public office, and pursue almost any profession. East German Deputy Premier Walter Ulbricht explaining the civil rights law for Nazis and militarists, said that "anti-Fascist forces were sufficiently consolidated," and besides, "many have repented." (International Herald Tribune, Nov. 10, 1949, Nov. 10 1999.)

1952 November 9 Chaim Weizmann (77), former head of the international Zionist movement and the first President of the newly formed state of Israel dies in Rehovot, Israel. Again, rumors within Nazi circles hint that the date of his death is not just a coincidence.

1953 November 9 Abdul-Aziz ibn Sa'ud, founder of Saudi Arabia, dies at about 73.

1953 November 9 Dylan Thomas, author-poet, dies in New York at 39.

1953 November 9 Cambodia (now Kampuchea) gains independence within French Union.

1955 November 9 UN disapproves of South Africa's apartheid politics.

1961 November 9 USAF Major Robert M. White takes X-15 to 30,970m.

1962 November 9 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

1963 November 9 Two high-speed commuter trains collided with a derailed freight.

1963 November 9 A coal-dust explosion kills 450 and 160 die in a train crash in Japan.

1964 November 9 Eisaku Sato becomes Premier of Japan.

1965 November 9 The "Great Northeast Power Outage," a massive power failure in New England and Ontario, blacks-out New York City and several states in the northeast after a series of mysterious power failures that last up to 13 1/2 hours. The black-outs struck at 5:16 pm, just before dusk. Several Nazi groups in Germany in the 1990's claimed that this had been a demonstration of their power. "We wanted to show the Jews of New York and our brothers around the world just how quickly we could put them (the Jews) back in the Dark Ages," one Nazi joked. (Hiram Reinhardt)

1967 November 9 First unmanned Saturn V flight to test Apollo 4 reentry module.

1967 November 9 Surveyor 6 soft lands on the Moon.

1968 November 9 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh, Semipalitinsk USSR.

1970 November 9 General Charles De Gaulle dies at age 79. Ge Gaulle for many years had been aware of ODESSA and Neo-Nazi activity within the CIA and had his agents keeping him informed. The coincidence of his death should not be overlooked.

1970 November 9 Trial of Seattle 8 anti-war protesters begins.

1971 November 9 John List kills family and moves to Colorado.

1972 November 9 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

1973 November 9 Goverment De Uyl decides to support Palestinian fugitives.

1974 November 9 Egon Joseph Wellesz, Austrian Composer and musicologist, dies at 89.

1976 November 9 UN General Assembly condemns apartheid in South Africa.

1980 November 9 Composer Otto Siegl dies at 82.

1980 November 9 Iraqi President Saddam Hussein declares holy war (Jihad) against Iran.

1984 November 9 The Vietnam Veterans Memorial ("3 Servicemen") is completed in Washington.

1985 November 9 A surprise attack on Belgium supermarket in Aalst kills eight.

1988 November 9 John Mitchell, former US Attorney General, dies of heart attack in Washington.

1988 November 9 A celebration of the 100th anniversary of the birth of French economist Jean Monnet, is held in Paris.

1989 November 9 Without warning the Berlin Wall suddenly comes down. The swiftness of its fall stuns the world and many find it suspicious that this remarkable event coincides with the date of Hitler's most "sacred Aryan" holiday. (November 9th was a date connected with the National Socialist movement from its very beginning and with Adolf Hitler as far back as World War I.) (Blutzeuge)

1991 November 9 Guido Claus, Belgian actor ("Sacrament"), dies.

1991 November 9 Yves Montand, actor ("Idol," "Grand Prix"), dies of a heart attack at 70.

1992 November 9 Charles Fraser-Smith, English inventor ("the man who never was"), dies.

1992 November 9 William Hillcourt, author of the Boy Scout Handbook, dies at 92.

1992 November 9 Helmut Kohl, Michail Gorbachev and Ronald Reagan are made honorary citizens of Berlin for their contributions to German reunification.

1993 November 9 Serbian army fires on school in Sarajevo killing nine children.

1994 November 9 Austrian President Thomas Klestil tells Israel's parliament that his country has failed in the past to acknowledge its role in the "Nazi Holocaust" or do enough to help Jewish survivors.

1995 November 9 Yassir Arafat, chairman of the PLO Authority, makes his first visit to Israel and pays a surprise condolence visit to the Tel-Aviv home of Leah Rabin, widow of former Israeli prime minister Yitzak Rabin.

1995 November 9 Derick Frederick George Emmison, archivist and historian, dies at 88.

1996 November 9 Fred Lipmann, watchmaker, dies at 91 in Paris.

1996 November 9 Roger Makins, diplomat, dies at 92.

1999 November 9 Tenth anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall. In Berlin, 100,000 people celebrate at the Brandenburg gate. Neo-Nazis and violent nationalists avoid the celebration. No skinheads or violent reactionaries create any disruptions, and the celebration is peaceful and well-organized.

1999 November 9 Hiram Reinhardt meets briefly with Heinz C. Prechter at the Hotel Adlon in Berlin. Prechter, who introduces himself as Chairman of the Committee to Elect George W. Bush, Jr., is also Chairman and CEO of ASC INCORPORATED of Southgate, MI., as well as a number of other corporations both in Europe and America. Some describe Prechter as being a "major figure" in "German-American cooperation." Earlier in 1999, he was the 1999 recipient of the Ellis Island Medal of Honor.

NOTE: In July 2001, Prechter was found hanging from a beam in the pool house of his estate in Michigan. The autopsy ruled it a suicide, partly because he was being treated for depression, after failing to receive a suitable appointment in the new Bush administration. Some suspect foul play.
1999 November 9 John (Jack) D. Le Vien, filmmaker and executive producer of the Academy Award (1963) winning documentary "BLACK FOX, the Rise and Fall of Adolf Hitler," dies at a hospital in London, where he had lived for the past thirty years. He was 81. Much of his work evolved from his friendships with Churchill and the Duke of Windsor. He was born in New York in 1918 and during WWII was a high ranking press aide to General Eisenhower. Le Vien was chief press officer with the Allied Task Force invading Algeria, and in Tunisia, organized an official press camp. He did the same in Italy, France, and Germany. (The New York Times, Nov. 22, 1999)

1999 November 9 Max Frere dies and is solemnly eulogized by the ring-wing German press as an "extraordinary Aryan intellectual."

2000 November 9 Hiram Reinhardt takes part in anti-fascist marches in Berlin and later makes personal contact with key players of the German left, progressive middle, and Jewish leadership.

2001 November 9 Annual demonstrations are held in Berlin.

[Keith Heitmann]

2002 November 9 George W. Bush declares this day "World Freedom Day" commemorating the fall of the Berlin Wall, which occurred on November 9, 1989.

[Redbirdy]

Happy <belated> birthday Keith!! (I really gotta read these boards more often.)

And thanks for the history lessons, there were some really interesting things there and it was a good read.

-J